Ali Momenpour; Maryam Dehestani; Vali Soltani Gerdfaramarzi; Mohammad Hadirad; Mohammadreza Vazhfeshenas; Amin Anagholi; Fatemeh Ahmadi; Zahra Jamaati
Abstract
In order to determine salinity tolerance threshold and yield decrease per unit increase of soil salinity in selected pomegranate genotypes, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD), with two factors: genotypes in 12 types (Shisheh Kap Ferdus, Malas Yazdi, Malas ...
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In order to determine salinity tolerance threshold and yield decrease per unit increase of soil salinity in selected pomegranate genotypes, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD), with two factors: genotypes in 12 types (Shisheh Kap Ferdus, Malas Yazdi, Malas Saveh, Rabab Neyriz, Golnar Saveh, Golnar Sarvestan, Golnar Shahdad, Narak Lasjerd Semnan, Vahshi Babolsar, Post Siyah Ardakan, Chah Afzal and Voshik Torsh Saravan) and soil salinity at five levels (1.5, 3.8, 6.2, 9.3 and 12.6 dSm-1). According to the results, the lowest salinity tolerance threshold was observed in Voshik Torsh Saravan (3.02 dS/m), Malas Saveh (3.25 dS/m) and Golnar Saveh (3.40 dS/m) genotypes, and the highest salinity tolerance threshold was observed in Golnar Shahdad (4.90 dS/m), Chah Afzal (4.70 dS/m), Post Siyah Ardakan (4.38 dS/m), and Malas Yazdi (4.17 dS/m) genotypes. The highest yield reduction slope was observed in Golnar Saveh (7.89%), Golnar Sarvestan (7.39%), Voshik Torsh Saravan (6.69%), and Malas Saveh (6.33%) genotypes, respectively. In contrast, the lowest yield reduction slope was observed in Chah Afzal (2.83%), Post Siyah Ardakan (2.88%) and Narak Lasjerd Semnan (2.89%) genotypes, respectively. Overall, the results showed the levels of salinity that reduced the yield by 50% in Chah Afzal, Post Siyah Ardakan and Narak Lasjerd Semnan genotypes were about twice greater than salinity that reduced the yield by 50% in Golnar Saveh, Golnar Sarvestan, Voshik Torsh Saravan and Malas Saveh genotypes. EC50 in Chah Afzal, Post Siyah Ardakan, and Narak Lasjerd Semnan genotypes were observed at 22.37, 21.74 and 21.10 dS/m. At salinity level of 8.4 dS/m, yield reductions in Chah Afzal, Post Siyah Ardakan and Narak Lasjerd Semnan genotypes were only 10.47%, 11.58%, and 13.30%, respectively, which were lower than the 50% value previously reported. Therefore, these three genotypes were selected for further studies and planting as rootstocks in Chah Afzal Station of National Salinity Research Center.
Zahra Jamaati; Ali Momenpour; maryam dehestani; Mostafa Shirmardi
Abstract
To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on some of the growth characteristics of selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes of regions with soil and water salinity, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments included two factors: genotypes ...
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To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on some of the growth characteristics of selected pomegranate (Punica granatum) genotypes of regions with soil and water salinity, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments included two factors: genotypes including 3 cultivars (‘Post Siyah Ardakan’,‘Rabab Neyriz’ and ‘Chah Afzal’) and irrigation water salinity at 5 levels (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 dS/m), with 4 replications. The study was conducted at the National Salinity Research Center of Iran in 2018-2019. The results showed that type of genotype and levels of salinity affected morphological and physiological characteristics and concentration of nutrient elements in leaves. In all of the studied genotypes, with increase in salinity concentration, all of studied characteristics including branch height, branch diameter, number of leaves, green leaves percentage, aerial organs fresh and dry weight, relative water content percentage, SPAD, and contents of a, b and total chlorophylls decreased. However, necrotic leaves percentage, dropped leaves percentage, root fresh weight to aerial organs fresh weight ratio, relative ions leakage percentage, Na+ and Cl- percentage and Na+ to K+ ratio increased at higher salinity levels. At salinity level of 7 dS/m, ‘Chah-Afzal’ and ‘Rabab Neyriz’ showed an increase in necrotic leaves (3% and 5.60%, respectively ), dropped leaves (1.05% and 4.83%), relative ions leakage (3.95 % and 8.60%), Na+ (0.31% and 0.67%), Cl- (0.13% and 0.43%), K+ (0.64% and 0.27%) and Na+ to K+ ratio (0.12 and 0.64), compared to 1 dS/m (control) treatment. Also, in ‘Chah-Afzal’ and ‘Rabab Neyriz’, there was a decrease in green leaves (4.06% and 10.43%, respectively), number of total leaves (2.62% and 12.14%), relative water content (5.68% and 9.77%), and total chlorophylls (5.13% and 14.56%), compared to the control. Overall, ‘Chah-Afzal’ and ‘Rabab Neyriz’ were recognized as, respectively, the most tolerant and sensitive genotypes to salinity stress. ‘Chah-Afzal’ genotype tolerated salinity of 7 dS/m by maintaining its growth characteristics and increasing potassium uptake against sodium.
Ali Momenpour; Ali Imani; davod bakhshi; Gholamhasan ranjbar
Abstract
Salinity tolerance threshold of fruit crops is obtained based on the reduction in yield under saline conditions compared to non-saline conditions. In order to determine salinity tolerance threshold and yield reduction per unit increase in soil salinity in selected almond genotypes, a factorial experiment ...
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Salinity tolerance threshold of fruit crops is obtained based on the reduction in yield under saline conditions compared to non-saline conditions. In order to determine salinity tolerance threshold and yield reduction per unit increase in soil salinity in selected almond genotypes, a factorial experiment was carried out. The study was based on completely randomized design (CRD), with two factors: (1) genotypes in 11 types (Tuono, Nonpareil, Mamaei, Shokoufeh, Sahand, Shahrood12, A200,1-25, 1-16 and 13-40 budded on GF677 rootstock, and GF677 rootstock (without budding as control), and (2) salinity of irrigation water at five levels (0.5, 2.5, 4.9, 7.3 and 9.8 dSm-1). At the end of experiment, salinity tolerance threshold and yield reduction slope were calculated based on dry weight (biomass).The results showed that the type and combination of rootstock and scion affect the salinity tolerance threshold and yield reduction slope. The lowest salinity tolerance threshold was observed in 1-16 (2.22 dS/m), Mamaei (2.28 dS/m), and Sahand (2.39 dS/m) genotypes, respectively. On the contrary, the highest salinity tolerance threshold was observed in Shokoufeh (5.80 dS/m), Shahrood12 (4.84 ds/m) and 1-25 (4.80 ds/m).The highest yield reduction slope was observed in 13-40 (8.05%), A200 (7.86%), and Nonpareil (7.55%) genotypes, respectively. In contrast, the lowest yield reduction slope was observed in Shahrood 12 (5.60%). Overall, the results showed the level of salinity that reduced the yield by 50% in Shahrood 12, Shokoufeh, and 1-25, were 5.05, 4.43 and 3.55 dS/m greater than GF677 rootstock (without budding), respectively. EC50 in Shahrood 12, Shokoufeh, 1-25 and GF677 was observed in salinity intensity of 13.23, 12.59, 11.71 and 8.16 dS/m. It should be noted that in previous studies, 100% decrease in yield was reported by salinity level of 7 dS/m, while in Shahrood 12 and Shokoufeh cultivars budded on GF677 rootstock, we observed only 12% and 9% yield reduction by salinity of 7 dS/m. Therefore, we suggest that Shahrood 12 and Shokoufeh cultivars budded on GF677 rootstock could be cultivated in areas with moderate salinity.
Ali Momenpour; ali imani; davod bakhshi
Abstract
Scion-rootstock combination and level of salinity affect on the biochemical characteristics of almond cultivars. To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on the biochemical reactions of almond cultivars and genotypes, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD). ...
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Scion-rootstock combination and level of salinity affect on the biochemical characteristics of almond cultivars. To evaluate the effect of salinity stress on the biochemical reactions of almond cultivars and genotypes, a factorial experiment was carried out based on completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments included two factors: Factor A: genotypes in four levels (‘Shokofeh’,‘Sahand’ cultivars, and ‘13-40’ genotype budded on GF677 rootstock, and GF677 (without budding)), and Factor B: irrigation water salinity in five levels (0.5, 2.5, 4.9, 7.3 and 9.8 dS/m) .Total phenolic, antioxidant capacity, soluble carbohydrate, non-soluble carbohydrate, proline, total soluble proteins, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, other aldehydes, enzymes activity of catalase, ghayacol peroxidase and ascorbat peroxidase were measured at the end of the experiment. Results showed that, in all genotypes, with increasing salinity level (up to 9.8 dS/m) the content of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and other aldehydes was increased. Also, the content of total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, soluble carbohydrate, proline, total soluble proteins, enzymes activity of catalase, ghayacol peroxidase and ascorbat peroxidase were higher at the lower salinity levels (2.5 and 4.9 ds/m), but their contents were reduced in higher salinity levels. Overall, the highest content of soluble proteins, enzymes activity of catalase, ghayacol peroxidase and ascorbat peroxidase were recorded at salinity level of 7.3 dS/m, and the highest content of total phenolics, antioxidant capacity, soluble carbohydrate and prolin at salinity level 9.8 dS/m were observed in ‘Shokofeh’ cultivar. Also, at salinity levels of 7.3 and 9.8 dS/m, the lowest content of hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, other aldehydes, and total non-soluble carbohydrate were observed in ‘Shokofeh’ cultivar. Finally, ’Shokofeh’ and ’Sahand’ budded on GF677 rootstock were recognized as the most tolerant and sensitive cultivars to salinity, respectively.